{"id":15019,"date":"2026-04-10T15:14:58","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T13:14:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/?p=15019"},"modified":"2026-04-10T15:14:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T13:14:58","slug":"fifa-parents-education-football-agents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/blog\/fifa-parents-education-football-agents","title":{"rendered":"FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The \u201c<strong>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/strong>\u201d builds ont the <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/subject\/fifa-guardians\" data-type=\"matiere\" data-id=\"1913\">FIFA Guardians<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/subject\/fifa-guardians-safeguarding-essentials\" data-type=\"matiere\" data-id=\"1925\">FIFA Guardians Course 1<\/a> programmes. With the growing number of agents and the increasingly early professionalisation of young footballers, FIFA has deemed it necessary to better inform families.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Parents play an important role<\/strong> in their children\u2019s career decisions, but they may sometimes lack information about the rules, risks, and obligations related to agents.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The implementation of this <strong>FIFA programme<\/strong> aims to fill this lack of information.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s now take a closer look at the <strong>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/strong> and what it includes.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":15002,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/cdn.fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/03150654\/crea-agents-parents-en-1024x632.webp\" alt=\"FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents\" class=\"wp-image-15002\"\/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents?<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The <strong>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/strong> is an educational document published with the aim of clearly and effectively explaining how the agent profession works, as well as its regulatory framework.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>It allows <strong>parents to better understand the applicable rules<\/strong> and the responsibilities of agents when a young footballer is supported by a sports agent.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This <strong>FIFA programme<\/strong> aligns with the framework of the <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/subject\/fifa-football-agent-regulations\" data-type=\"matiere\" data-id=\"1899\">FIFA Football Agent Regulations<\/a> (FFAR), introduced to structure <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/blog\/becoming-football-agent\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"281\">player agent profession<\/a> and strengthen the protection of footballers, particularly young players.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who is this programme for?<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>As its name suggests, this programme is primarily intended for <strong>parents and legal guardians of young players<\/strong> who may be exposed to the world of sports agents.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This document also aimed at individuals involved in player development such as:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>future FIFA agents<\/strong><\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>clubs and training centres<\/strong><\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>academies<\/strong><\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Structure of the FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The <strong>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/strong> is made up of <strong>five main sections<\/strong>, organised in a clear and progressive manner, ensuring information, prevention, and support for families.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Introduction<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This first part of the document sets the framework, explains the objectives of the programme as well as <strong>FIFA\u2019s role in regulating agents<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The introduction helps to understand the purpose of this programme, to place the role of FIFA agents in context, and to introduce the issues related to the protection of young players.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Preparing to work with an agent<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This section is a cornerstone of the document. It supports parents in the initial stages before any collaboration with an agent. It addresses the questions to ask before committing, the elements to check when evaluating an agent, and the best practices to adopt.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>In this section, five practical guides provided by FIFA are available:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 1<\/strong>: What you need to know about the regulations applicable to agents<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 2<\/strong>: Step-by-step guide to verifying agents<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 3<\/strong>: Key points to consider when approached by an agent<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 4<\/strong>: Questions to ask an agent to assess their ability to represent your child<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 5<\/strong>: Detailed guide to protecting your child from fake agents<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Concluding a representation agreement<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The third section focuses on signing an agreement with an agent, detailing the essential elements to understand before making any commitment.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This section includes two practical guides:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 6<\/strong>: A guide for parents on representation agreements<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 7<\/strong>: Managing agents\u2019 incentives<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Working with an agent<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This part of the FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents explains how the relationship between an agent and parents should develop over time. It emphasises the importance of building a healthy relationship in the best interests of the player.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This section includes seven practical guides:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 8<\/strong>: Developing a collaborative relationship with the agent<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 9<\/strong>: International trials, regulatory aspects to consider<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 10<\/strong>: Checklist, how to properly support your child during a trial<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 11<\/strong>: Transfers, best practice guide for parents<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 12<\/strong>: A guide for parents regarding employment contracts<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 13<\/strong>: Best practice guide regarding agents\u2019 service fees<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 14<\/strong>: Human trafficking in football<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Ending a representation agreement<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This final section of the programme addresses the ways in which a collaboration with an agent can come to an end. The section explains the different possible situations, such as the end of a contract or its termination. The document also discusses changing agents, including the elements to consider before making such a decision.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Four practical guides make up this section:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 15<\/strong>: Natural termination of the representation agreement. The agreement expires<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 16<\/strong>: Early termination by mutual agreement<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 17<\/strong>: Unilateral early termination of the representation agreement<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li><strong>Guide 18<\/strong>: Key elements to consider when changing representatives<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Download the FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents (PDF)<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The <strong>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/strong> brings together all these practical guides in a single document to help families understand the rules and best practices.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>To download the FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents PDF, click here:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:acf\/block-document {\"name\":\"acf\/block-document\",\"data\":{\"block_document_link_to_document_cpt\":[\"14344\"],\"_block_document_link_to_document_cpt\":\"block_document_link_to_document_cpt\"},\"mode\":\"edit\"} \/--><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why did FIFA implement this information programme on agents for parents?<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>As we have seen within the football ecosystem with examples such as Lamine Yamal or Endrick, there is <strong>increasingly early involvement of young players<\/strong> in professional career pathways.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>FIFA has therefore considered it necessary to better regulate the activity of agents. This programme is part of that approach, with the objective of <strong>informing parents in order to protect young players<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strengthening the protection of minors and transparency<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Young football players are particularly vulnerable, which is why FIFA places their protection at the heart of this programme.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The document notably emphasises the importance of the role of parents in decisions related to their child\u2019s career.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:quote --><\/p>\n<blockquote><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u201cParents must fully understand the rules governing the activity of agents\u201d, - <em>FIFA<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- \/wp:quote --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents aims to provide families with the necessary tools to take action and avoid any risky situations.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the role of a FIFA agent for a young player?<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>In the <strong>career of a young football player<\/strong>,<strong> a FIFA agent<\/strong> acts as an intermediary between their client, clubs, and football stakeholders, while ensuring the protection of the young player\u2019s interests within a regulatory framework established by FIFA.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The role of agents is even more <strong>sensitive when dealing with minors<\/strong>, as it involves greater responsibility towards both the player and their family.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Main duties of the agent<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/blog\/sports-agent\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"8372\">sports agent<\/a> can intervene in various ways in a player\u2019s career, particularly by negotiating contracts with clubs or advising the player and their family on career decisions. They play a genuine strategic advisory role and aim to <strong>optimise the player\u2019s development within a long-term support approach<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Limits and legal obligations<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>An agent plays a key role in a player\u2019s career, but they must <strong>strictly comply with FIFA regulations<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The main obligations of FIFA agents are as follows:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Compliance with the FIFA Football Agent Regulations<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Avoiding any conflict of interest<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Respecting the commission caps imposed<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>When representing minor clients, the rules are even stricter, particularly regarding contract signing and parental involvement.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reminder of FIFA rules governing the representation of minor players by a sports agent<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>An agent may only act on behalf of a minor player while complying with several essential principles such as:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>parental consent<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>the best interests of the player, which must always prevail<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>the prohibition of misleading promises or conflicts of interest<\/li>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>These requirements are part of the broader <strong>protective framework promoted by FIFA<\/strong>, particularly through the <strong>FIFA Guardians programme<\/strong>. These concepts are further developed in the <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/study-materials\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2353\">study materials<\/a> for the FIFA agent exam.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The representation of a minor client is therefore based on a strict, transparent, and secure framework, with an essential role played by parents at every stage.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key takeaways from FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents<\/strong> is an essential tool for better understanding the role of agents and structuring the support provided to young players. By making practical guides available, FIFA enables families to make informed decisions in an often complex environment, while strengthening transparency and security in their relationships with agents.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>This document highlights that parents play a key role, particularly when the player is a minor, and that the activity of FIFA agents is now strictly regulated within a defined regulatory framework.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>These concepts form a solid foundation for anyone wishing to operate within this ecosystem, especially for candidates taking the <a href=\"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/blog\/fifa-exam\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"531\">FIFA agent exam<\/a>, for whom mastering these rules has become essential.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FIFA Parents\u2019 Education on Football Agents, this official guide explains the role of FIFA agents, the rules to follow and the best practices to protect young players. Designed for families, it helps to better understand the regulatory framework, avoid risks and effectively support the career of a young footballer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15002,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-regulation"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15019"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15024,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15019\/revisions\/15024"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15002"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fifa.sportsagentinstitute.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}